Window frame structure



June 7, 1932.

c. D. HUDSON 1,861,861

WINDOW. FRAME S TRUCTURE Filed March 4, 1950 INVENTOR v 020 ((926 .3 .MOIL

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ATTORNEY Patented June 7, 1932 UNITED STATES PATENT FF!CE.

CLOUG-H D. HUDSON, OF SPOKANE, WASHINGTON, ASSIGNOR TO WESTERN PINE 00., LTD., OF SPOKANE, WASHINGTON, A CORPORATION OF WASHINGTON WINDOW FRAME STRUCTURE Application filed March 4, 1930. Serial No. 433,046.

This invention relates to improvements in window frame structures and resides more particularly in the combination thereof with an improved blind stop.

A great desideratum in structure of this character is to render them weather tight or proof outside the outer sash, and a further object is to obtain the greatest rigidity of the structure.

One of the features of this invention is to provide a novel blind stop having shouldered connection with the stile and casing with the shoulders formed in part by tenons that are so formed as to provide broad flat and plain faced juncture faces thereby not only affording ample stock for nailing but also reducing liability of disrupture in transit.

A further feature resides in disposing the tenons in staggered relation so that one of the tenons is disposed for shouldered engagement in concealed relation to the casing, and the remaining tenon is located in a manner to act as a sash stop and to have exposed shouldered engagement with the stile.

A feature of the invention consists in a novel cross section of blind stop which is so designed and constructed that it will be reversible.

It is a feature of the invention to provide an overlap connection of the casing and blind stop nearest the weather side of the casing, and an overlap of the blind stop and stile remote from the weather side of the casing.

It is a further feature of the invention to avoid tongue and groove connections between the blind stop and other parts of the structure and to provide a. construction in which juncture is effected by abutting and over-lapping engagement of the interfitting and interdependent parts.

The invention has many other features and objects which will be more fully described in connection with the accompanying drawing and which will be more particularly pointed out in and by the appended claims. 7

In the drawing Fig. 1 is a vertical sectional view of the upper portion of a window frame illustrating the most improved form of the invention in complete assembly.

Fig. 2 is a similar sectional view of the frame in partial or semi-assembly with the casing omitted.

Fig. 3 -is a horizontal sectional view on line 33 of Fig. 1, in full assembly. Fig. 4 is a similar sectional View in partial assembly.

Fig. 5 is a sectional perspective view of the blind stop showing the latter in actual size, in the original drawing.

Like characters of reference designate similar parts throughout the different figures of the drawing. I I

There is shown in the drawing a window frame constructioncomprising a stile 1, disas posed at the top of the frame, and being horizontally disposed, and the upper or horizontal portion 2, of the outside casing. At the top of the latter, I have shown a trim 3. The stile 1, is shown provided with the usual parting stop 4 and enough of the pulley casings 5 and 6 are illustrated to afiord a'locating relation of the several parts.

It will be noted that the cross section'of the outer edge portion a of stile 1, is not altered from its normal cross section, and that it has a flat abutting outer edge, as shown in Figs. 1 and 2, the importance of which will later appear.

Before describing the combination further, and to rend-er the latter and the interdependent functions clearer, I will next describe in detail the improved blind stop which is shown in Fig. 5.

While it is a feature of this element of the structure that the latter is reversible, still, in the interests of clearness, I will designate identical portions thereof by different numerals assuming that the blind stop were to be disposed in the position shown in Fig. 1. a-

As shown, the blind stop is of bar-like form 1 having side faces 7 and 8 and edge faces 9 and 10, the opposed faces in each instance, being parallel. Near the edge'face 9, and projecting from the side face 8, is what I will term an elongated tenon 11, which, as shown, andafiirmatively claimed, has a broadfiat and plain face which I designated at A.' What I will term the upper or outermost portion of this tenon, which is designated at 12, is flush 199 with the edge face 9, so that the latter presents an unbroken flat surface. The tenon 11 extends part way along the side face 8, and terminates in a shoulder 13, and it will be noted that the shoulder is very shallow .or of slight projection laterally from face 8.

It will also be noted that tenon 11 is wholly located laterally of the longitudinal center of the greatest cross section of the blind stop, or in the disposition shown, nearest the top thereof.

Projecting from the opposite face 7, is'an row in depth and the tenon presents a broad plain and fiat face B. It will also be noted that the shoulders 13 and 16 are in rectangular relation to the side faces with whichthey juncture and also with the broad flat faces A and B. Further, the faces A and B are parallel with no angles other than right angles in the entire cross section.

Reference will next be made to the manner in which the blind stop is assembled as shown in Figs. 1 and 2. Q

It may first be explained that the prevailing custom is to ship window frames semi-assembled, that is, without the casing, as shown in Fig. 2. Thus, the blind stop is secured, as by nailing, as indicated by dotted lines at 17, with the nail passing through the blind stop and edgewise into the stile 1. Thus, the broad flat and plain face A, of tenon 11, affords ample stock for passage of the nails therethrough with a minimum danger of splitting the blind stop.

The blind stop is applied in Fig. 2, so that the broad face A, is outermost and the corner juncture 12, of the tenon 11 with the edge face 9, are exposed, and likewise, the shoulder 13. Now it will be clear that in shipment, the shallow or slight projection of the tenon 11, together with the broad surfaces exposed, reduces liability of injury to a minimum. It will be seen that the top edge face 9, is flush with the top of stile 1, that the side face 8, is outermost and that the side face 7, abuts against the outer edge of stile 1-. The shoulder 16, abuts against the exposed lower face 1 of the stile 1, and the tenon 14., is located to form the outer sash stop; Now it will be noted that the shoulder 16, overlaps or underlaps the stile 1, remote from the weather or outermost plane of the frame and performs the dual function of locating the blind stop in a definite position when so placed, and also of forming a weather proof or tight joint inside of the blind stop and above or inside of the edge face 10, thereof,

whereby a most effectively tight joint is made.

After the shipment, in semi-assembly arrives at its destination, the casing is assembled, which will next be described in detail, reference being had to Fig. 1.

The casing 2, on its inner or concealed face 2 is shown provided with a groove 18 and when the casing 2, is disposed in position, as shown in Fig. 1, the tenon 11 seats in groove 18.. The casing is secured, as by nails 19, which are driven through the casing 2, the upper portion of the blind stop and into the stile 1, edgewise thereof. Of course these nails 19 will be in staggered relation to nails 17. However, the same advantage of a broad flat face A, will now apply with equal force not only because ample stock is afforded but also because a greater latitude in locating the nails is given to the operator.

Because of the diliiculty in making tongue and groove fits, in case the lumber swells which causes cavities to contract or be reduced while projecting portions increase in size, this type of fit is avoided with no loss of effective juncture. Hence, in this construction, a novel feature is presented which consists in having all junctures abutting junctures. Therefore, the groove 18 is oversize and is formed or plowed wider than the tenon 11, and the groove 18 is so located that the leeway afforded is most remote from the weather, namely, at 20, where a definite though slight but sufficient clearance is shown. Now it will be clear that the broad face A,'of the tenon 11, has a wide area engagement in flat abutting relation against the base of groove 18. Below this juncture, the shoulder 13 fits snugly against the lower edge 21, of groove 18, and this disposition also has the advantage of self alinement of the parts as it accurately locates the casing with respect to the blind stop.

It willnow be clear that I obtain a weather tight overlap juncture nearest the weather side of the frame where any cold air would first have to pass upwardly between the juncture of side face 8, against the inner lower edge of the casing, as shown at 22, thence upwardly about the shouldered engagement and fin ally upwardly betweenthe wide abutting juncture of tenon 11 with the base of groove 18, which, if the parts were in a reasonably good state of preservation, would be almost impossible. As a result of this novel construction, I have obtained an overlapping joint nearest the weather side of the frame which is also a concealed joint.

The side portions of the window frame, which are vertically disposed, as shown in Figs. 3 and 4, and which parts have the same terminology, are, for convenience and difierentiation, given different numerals of designation, but need not be described in detail as they are alike in function and identical in structure with what has previously been described.

The stile 23, has a parting stop 24, and a blind stop 25, in semi-assembled relation as shown in Fig. 4, and in full assembly, as shown in Fig. 8, in which latter the casing 26 is shown applied, the casing having an over-size groove 28, similar to groove 18. In this, as well as in the top construction, that tenon, which is tenon 14 above, and here 27, performs the dual function of effecting an overlap joint with the stile and an outer stop for the outermost window sash. In all other respects, the joints formed, are in the same relation and in identical form with respect to the top portion of the frame.

It will be noted that the cross section of the outer edge portion a is not altered from its normal cross section, and that the outer edge is unbroken and flat.

I now wish to emphasize the importance of the blind stop being reversible, and one very great advantage is that if one edge 9 or 10, is defective in any manner, the same may be disposed in a concealed position, or in other words, in the position occupied by edge 9. This is not possible where the blind stop is not reversible. The same also applied to side faces 7 and 8, as the defective face would of course be located in the position of face 7 in Fig. 1. Now the primary reason why I p can make the blind stop reversible, is because the sides and edge faces are identical in form and size, which feature, in view of the above explanation, and disclosure, will now be clear. The blind stop need not be located with the tenons 11 and 14 in any prescribed relation with respect to the outer edge of stile 1 and groove 18. For example, either the tenon 14 or 11 may be seated in groove 18 or may function as a sash stop.

The importance of flat plain side faces 7 and 8, of the blind stop will now be clear, in combination with the feature of having the stiles 1 and 23 of the same cross section at their outer edge portions. with the outer edges (4 and a flat and plain. This not only greatly reduces the initial cost of production but eliminates all tongue and groove fits, which are to be avoided, at any cost, both in the initial and final assembly. It now becomes apparent that the oversize grooves 18 and 28, constitute a feature of intimate interdependence with the flat faced sides of the tenons 11 and 14, more especially since the grooves are over-size remote from the lines of shouldered engagement of the blind stop with the casing 1 and 26. Thus, in case the parts did swell, they could readily be assembled and the shoulder of the blind stop engaging the inner face of the stile, would be the gaging shoulder, if the parts; were fully assembled, and if the casing were last to be applied, the shoulder engaging the casing, would then be the gaging shoulder.

It is believed that 'thedevice of this inventi on-will be clear from the foregoing description, and while I have herein shown one specificform of my invention, I do not wish to be limited thereto except for such limitations as the claims may import.

I claim: l

1. In a window frame structure, a stile hav ing a uniform cross section and a flat outer edge, a casing, and a blind stop interposed between and secured to the flat outer edge of said stile and casing and having flat unbroken side faces, said blind stop having broad flat plain faced tenons one projecting from each fiat unbroken side face of said blind stop and said tenons being disposed in staggered relation,

one of said tenons being in concealed lap joint relation with the rear face of said casing and the remaining tenon forming a sash stop and being in overlapping shoulderedengagement against said stile.

In a window semi-assembly frame structure, a stile having a fiat outer edge, and a blind stop having flat unbroken sides and secured to said stile, said blind stop having broad flat plain faced tenons one projecting from each side face of said blind stop and said tenons being disposed in staggered relation, and one of saidtenons forming a sash stop and being in overlapping shouldered engagement against said stile.

In a window frame structure, a stilehaving an outer fiat edge, a casing having on its inner face an over-size groove, and a blind stop provided with'unbroken flat side faces interposed between and secured to said stile and casing, said blind stop having broad flat plain faced tenons one projecting from each side face of said blind stop, and said tenons being in staggered relation, one of said tenons being seated in said over-size groove nearest the weather side of said frame, and the remaining tenon forming a sash stop and being in overlapping shouldered engagement against the exposed face of said stile remote from the weather side of said frame and inwardly of the exposed edge of said blind stop.

4. In a window frame structure, a stile having an outer flat edge, a casing having an over-size mortice on its concealed face, a blind stop interposed between said stile and casing and provided with unbroken flat side faces and having broad flat faced and slightly projecting tenons one extending from each side face of said blind stop and each tenon forming a shoulder and said tenons being in staggered relation, one flat face of said blind stop being disposed against and nailed to said outer fiat edge of said stile with a shoulder of said blind stop overlapping and forming a weather joint with the inside face of said flu stile and the corresponding tenon thereof forming a sash stop, and the remainingtenon being. seated in said over-size mortise in said casing and the latter being secured by nailing 5 through said casing and through said blind stop into said stile and the shoulder of saidlast named tenon engaging the innermost shoulder of said over-size mortice and'forming. there- With a Weather joint, and a portion of the re- 1 maining fiat side faceof said blind stop engaging the inner face of said casinginward- 1y beyond the shouldered engagement of said tenon with said mortise, the side faces and tenons of said. blind stop being identical in 15 shape and dimensions thereby rendering; said blind stop reversible.

In Witness whereof, I have hereuntosetmy hand.

GLOUGH: D, HUDSQN. 

